Muslims believe that Allah has revealed comprehensive guidance for humanity through the Qur’an and the traditions (Sunnah) of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Central to this guidance are the concepts of Halal (lawful) and Haram (prohibited), which apply to all aspects of a Muslim’s life—including food, drink, clothing, behavior, and everyday conduct.

Food and Drink

Islam provides clear directives on what is permissible for Muslims to consume. The following items are categorically prohibited (haram):

• Alcohol and any intoxicating substances

• Pork and its derivatives

• Meat from animals not slaughtered according to Islamic law

• Meat from carnivorous animals or any of their by-products

To be considered halal, the meat of an animal must be prepared in accordance with Islamic teachings and Shariah law, which include the following requirements:

• A prayer (invocation) must be recited before slaughter.

• The animal should be positioned facing the Kaaba in Makkah.

• The throat should be swiftly cut with a sharp knife to minimize suffering.

• The slaughter must be carried out humanely, without mistreatment.

• The animal’s blood must be fully drained to remove impurities.

• Animals should only be slaughtered for sustenance, never for sport or entertainment.

Note: Scientific studies have indicated that this method of slaughtering is quicker and more humane compared to many modern industrial practices in the Western world, where animals are often stunned with electric shocks prior to being killed.

Ethical Conduct and Prohibited Practices

Beyond dietary laws, Islam outlines ethical guidelines governing personal behavior and societal interaction. The following actions are strictly forbidden (haram):

• Adultery

• Murder

• Gambling

• Usury (interest-based earnings)

• Lying, cheating, or deceit

• Backbiting or slander

• Any other act deemed harmful to individuals or society

Muslims believe that by faithfully adhering to these moral and legal principles, they will earn divine reward in the hereafter. This commitment is especially significant when observing these rules in environments where Islamic values may not be widely upheld.

Note: If a Muslim errs or gives in to temptation, they may be subject to divine accountability. However, Islam emphasizes hope and redemption. The Qur’an teaches that Allah is All-Forgiving and Most Merciful. A sincere act of repentance, accompanied by a resolve not to repeat the wrongdoing, may lead to forgiveness—underscoring the compassionate nature of divine justice.